[according to whom? "Tyrants, the World's 20 Worst Living Dictators", by David Wallechinsky, ranked Biya together with three others mainly in sub-Saharan Africa: Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe, Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo of Equatorial Guinea, and King Mswati of Swaziland. While common in the 20th century, the prominence of military dictatorships declined in the 1970s and 1980s. Politics in a dictatorship are controlled by the dictator and facilitated through an inner circle of elites that include advisers, generals, and other high-ranking officials. The type of dictatorship a country is ruled by typically comes down to the methods the dictator used to obtain power and how they go about maintaining it. (Dictator of Italy and Principal Founder of Fascism Who Was Prime Minister of Italy from 1922 to 1943.) From the outside looking in, life within a dictatorship appears akin to being in a toxic relationship or living situation. The exclave province of Cabinda has borders with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Examples might include King Cyrus the Great of Persia, who is thought to have created the first declaration of human rights, the Biblical King Solomon, Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, and Singapore's Prime Minister Lee Kwan Yue. Hybrid dictatorships: What it's like to live under a Dictatorship. Also, dictatorships . Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi C Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Costa Rica Cte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Too Much Power. Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled by Dictators | 2019 Rankings On Time 1.62K subscribers 95K views 3 years ago Dictatorship Countries And Their Leaders | Countries Ruled. Typically, dictators rise to power when a nation faces significant social issues, such as strong economic crises or unrest among the nation's people. Elections also support the legitimacy of a dictatorship by presenting the image of a democracy, establishing plausible deniability of its status as a dictatorship for both the populace and foreign governments. Under this system, there are three types of dictatorships. [4] A unified inner circle has the capacity to overthrow a dictator, and the dictator must make greater concessions to the inner circle to stay in power. [35][36] These dictatorships often emerge either from loosely organized seizures of power, giving the leader opportunity to consolidate power, or from democratically elected leaders in countries with weak institutions, giving the leader opportunity to change the constitution. The expected result is to coerce citizens into complying with the dictatorships demands in order to benefit from the state-controlled resources. Perhaps someday some of these modern dictatorships will cast off their dictators and embrace a more democratic and inclusive form of government. A presidential democracy has a government that does not need the majority support of a legislature to stay in power. 1 Norway 2 Iceland 3 Sweden 4 New Zealand 5 Denmark =6 Canada =6 Ireland 8 Australia =9 Switzerland =9 Finland An alternation in power under electoral rules identical to the ones that brought the incumbent to office must have taken place. [8]:465 Some countries, such as Greece and Bulgaria, stipulate who the head of state chooses as head of government. The leader of a dictatorship is called a dictator. Parties formed after the seizure of power often have little influence and only exist to serve the dictator. This was replaced by a trend of developing a positive public image to maintain support among the populace and moderating rhetoric to integrate with the global community. Argentina and Mexico are the countries with Dictatorship as a government form. Source by babeltravel. [29][30] The use of ruling parties also provides more legitimacy to its leadership and elites than other forms of dictatorship[31] and facilitates a peaceful transfer of power at the end of a dictator's rule. [126] Four strategies of political control commonly employed by dictatorships are repression, indoctrination, coercive distribution, and infiltration. They differ from other forms of dictatorships in that the dictator has greater access to key political positions and the government's treasury, and they are more commonly subject to the discretion of the dictator. The government was described as a dictatorship of the proletariat in which power was exercised by soviets. Donal Blaine Aidan Cinhil Haldane, 24th king of Gwynedd, reigned 1074 to 1095. [140] Elections are also used to control elites within the dictatorship by requiring them to compete with one another and incentivizing them to build support with the populace, allowing the most popular and most competent elites to be promoted in the regime. He took control of the nation in 1973 after leading a coup that deposed elected leftist leader Salvador Allende. Therefore, the entire country operates on the whims of that one person. Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, and Palestine are the only democratic nations in the region, with Israel being the only nation in this region that affords broad political liberties to its citizens. [15] If the dictator has not seized power through a political party, then a party may be formed as a mechanism to reward supporters and to concentrate power in the hands of political allies instead of militant allies. [9], Gugiu & Centellas developed the Democracy Cluster Classification Index that integrates five democracy indicators (including the DD dataset, Polity dataset), clustering 24 American and 39 European regimes over 30 years.[2]. [82], Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party created a second fascist dictatorship in Germany in 1933,[83] obtaining absolute power through a combination of electoral victory, violence, and emergency powers. [144] Since the end of the Cold War, more dictatorships have established "semi-competitive" elections in which opposition is allowed to participate in elections but is not allowed to win, with approximately two-thirds of dictatorships permitting opposition candidates in 2018. The terms "autocrat" and "autocracy" are often used interchangeably with "dictator" and "dictatorship". [28] Due to the structure of their leadership, one-party dictatorships are significantly less likely to face civil conflict, insurgency, or terrorism than other forms of dictatorship. (2010), and further developed and maintained by Cheibub, Gandhi, and Vreeland (2009). In fact, you may devise any chart you like concerning politics or anything else and label left and right however you choose. [4] Though the most recent data set is only updated for 2008, there is planning by Cheibub to update it to the present year. These movements were a response to what they perceived as decadence and societal decay due to the changing social norms and race relations brought about by liberalism. 1. Nazi and fascist regimes in Europe, Communist single-party states, military juntas in Latin America and . The table below offers a full list of which countries are what type of democracy. Adolf Hitler - WORST DICTATOR. With a total area of 2,381,741 square kilometres, 90% of which is desert, Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Arab world and Africa and on the Mediterranean. Keep note that the head of state, chief executive, government, and legislatures can have their official names be seemingly contradictory to this classification. Fidel Castro was one of the most iconic latin american dictators, who lived in the 20th century. There's no room for opposition or . Parliamentary democracy is the same as semi-presidential but has heads of state which are not popularly elected for a fixed term, typically either monarchs or officials not chosen by popular elections. Power is enforced through a steadfast collaboration between the government and a highly developed ideology. The Five Kinds of Dictatorship 1. Like right-wing, it is not a copyrighted term. Korea experienced military dictatorships under the rule of Yeon Gaesomun in the 7th century[58] and under the rule of the Goryeo military regime in the 12th and 13th centuries. [23] Military coups do not necessarily result in military dictatorships, as power may then be passed to an individual or the military may allow democratic elections to take place. Laos (since 1975) Epidemic of First World War After the first world war, countries got disturbed to conduct democratic governments and managements. They are often characterized by their use of violence and repression to maintain power. Russia is a federal semi-presidential republic and an oligarchy. This list answers the questions, "What countries are dictatorships?" This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 12:26. [126]This tactic involves policies on land reform, poverty alleviation, public health, housing, education, and employment programs that force citizens to be dependent on the state for relatively adequate living standards. Current dictatorships include Zimbabwe, Uzbekistan, and North Korea. But this is not the first time Myanmar is having the bitter taste of autocracy, in fact, their governance turned . Answer (1 of 9): Depends on what you mean by left-wing. First is that an autocracy nearly always focuses power in a single individual person, whereas dictatorshipssingle-party dictatorships in particularsometimes spread the power throughout a small group of people (say, the leaders of the dictator's political party). During the first half of the 20th century, dictatorships took control of a number of technologically advanced countries. The dictator is the absolute ruler. [114] The countries of Central Asia did not liberalize after the fall of the Soviet Union, instead forming as dictatorships led by former elites of the Communist Party and then later by successive dictators. In the United Kingdom, for example, the chief executive is the prime minister, and the ministers are the heads of the executive departments, which together compose the government. Myanmar has been thrown into the darkness of the military dictatorship once again as this morning, the military junta arrested "The daughter of democracy" Aung San Suu Kyi and reinstated the military rule. What countries are currently ruled by dictatorships? But for today, these are the world's dictatorships. Between the 1990s and the 2000s, most dictators moved away from being "larger-than-life figures" that controlled the populace through terror and isolated themselves from the global community. [60] During the L dynasty of Vietnam between the 16th and 18th centuries, the country was under de facto military rule by two rival military families: the Trnh lords in the north and the Nguyn lords in the south. Some of the most famous dictators in history include, of course, Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Nazi Germany from 1933-1945, Benito Mussolini, ruler of fascist Italy from 1922-1945, and Joseph Stalin,. [149] Military and one-party dictatorships are more likely to experience terrorism than personalist dictatorships, as these regimes are under more pressure to undergo institutional change in response to terrorism.[150]. Political control is any tactic through which the state seeks to gain compliance from society. Elites in personalist dictatorships often do not have a professional political career and are unqualified for positions they are given. Dictators typically retain their power by silencing any opposition to their rulings and guidelines. [84] Other nationalist movements in Europe established dictatorships based on the fascist model. If the head of state is popularly elected for a fixed term then, the democracy is mixed or semi-presidential. Nigeria - 1966 to 1975 - Yakubu Gowon. 1. The Soviet Union occupied nationalist dictatorships in the east and replaced them with communist dictatorships, while others established liberal democratic governments in the Western Bloc. Dictatorships have shallow levels of freedom. [45] Although, when it comes to polling and elections a dictator could use his power to override private preferences. [132] Foreign intervention takes place when another country seeks to topple a regime by invading the country or supporting the opposition. [146], In a dictatorship, violence is used to coerce or repress all opposition to the dictator's rule, and the strength of a dictatorship depends on its use of violence. [56] At least 85 such dictators were chosen over the course of the Roman Republic, the last of which was chosen to wage the Second Punic War. People living under a dictatorship are often persecuted for unethical reasons, including their religion, sexual orientation, or economic status. [49] In an absolute monarchy, power is limited to the royal family, and legitimacy is established by historical factors. [6], The opposition to a dictatorship represents all of the factions that are not part of the dictatorship and anyone that does not support the regime. [107] The development of the internet and digital communication in the 21st century have prompted dictatorships to shift from traditional means of control to digital ones, including the use of artificial intelligence to analyze mass communications, internet censorship to restrict the flow of information, and troll farms to manipulate public opinion. "[6], For a regime to be considered as a democracy by the DD scheme, it must meet the requirement of four rules below:[1]:69[3], Some regimes may meet the first three rules, but lack an alternation in power in its historical past; these regimes are classified as dictatorships because of cases where the incumbent only allows elections as long as they keep winning, and would refuse to step down if they lost. [138] A study found that dictatorships that engage in oil drilling are more likely to remain in power, with 70.63% of the dictators who engage in oil drilling still being in power after 5 years of dictatorship, while only 59.92% of the non-oil producing dictators survive the first 5 years. Many countries today are still under a dictatorship, including: Cambodia China North Korea Russia And many more! The . Caudillos were often nominally constrained by a constitution, but the caudillo had the power to draft a new constitution as he wished. ( 1, 2, 3) 5 Paul Kagame, the 60-year-old President of Rwanda, has been in power since 1994 when his rebel army ended the genocide which had killed 800,000 people. Monarchies may be dynastic, in which the royal family serves as a ruling institution similar to a political party in a one-party state, or they may be non-dynastic, in which the monarch rules independently of the royal family as a personalist dictator. [46], The shift in the power relation between the dictator and their inner circle has severe consequences for the behavior of such regimes as a whole. The methodology is derived from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, regardless of geopolitical, geographic, ethnic or religious considerations. [105] To maintain power, Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet organized Operation Condor with other South American dictators to facilitate cooperation between their respective intelligence agencies and secret police organizations. Personalist dictators may be members of the military or leaders of a political party, but neither the military nor the party exercises power independently from the dictator. [133] A dictator may negotiate the end of a regime if it has lost legitimacy or if a violent removal seems likely. The term dictatorship originates from its use in the Roman Republic. This may sound like a contradiction of terms to many people. This is thanks to an oil boom that enriched his family at the expense of the Equatorial Guinea citizens. Its territory covers 652,000 km, making it the 41st largest country in the world. The earliest military dictatorships developed in the post-classical era, particularly in Shogun-era Japan and in England under Cromwell. Abstract. He arose to power in Italy in 1922, following the so-called 'March on Rome', in which his . [139], Most dictatorships hold elections to maintain legitimacy and stability, but these elections are typically uncompetitive and the opposition is not permitted to win. As the dictatorship becomes more established, it moves away from violence by resorting to the use of other coercive measures, such as restricting people's access to information and tracking the political opposition. In fact, most dictators adopt common appellations such as "President" or "Prime Minister", so they must be identified via their actions and policies rather than their title. [143], In the 20th century, most dictatorships held elections in which voters could only choose to support the dictatorship, with only one-quarter of partisan dictatorships permitting opposition candidates to participate. Single-party dictatorships were most common during the Cold War, with dominant-party dictatorships becoming more common after the fall of the Soviet Union.
